Design Your Own Foam House

There are people who the expression "house of foam" seems stupid and not all capable of being taken seriously. In some kind, this phrase is right, because the buildings of the house are used precisely blocks of foam, which are further reinforced with concrete.

We erese a house of foam

To date, one Japanese company offers the consumer kits for the construction of a foam house with their own hands. Such Japanese houses, in their opinion, have a lot of advantages, one of which is resistance to earthquakes. This company company loudly called its japanese houses housing 21 centuries.

The technical features of such a unique material are shown in the table.

Further in the article we will talk to you in more detail about foam structures, and we will tell you what positive qualities such a covering can boast. We will also reveal the secret of working technology, after which you will be able to build housing from foam.

Advantages of the house of foam

Build a house of foam

To tell you about buildings from foam, it is worth highlighting a number of advantages that the building from foam blocks can boast:

• Foam blocks help to build a very warm facility

Such a heater, as it were, envelops profiles from reinforced concrete on each side.

• The house of foam blocks are able to perform the function "Thermos"

Such a building can in sufficient to hold warm air not only during the cold season, but also keep cool on hot days.

• Available opal

The formwork is not all the long-term familiar shields that need to strengthen and exhibit. In essence, it is the blocks of foam, in the middle of which there is a cavity. According to some characteristics, such material is very similar to the slag block, and they do not differ from each other at all. When building buildings from block foam, you fill it with the insides with a concrete mass, installing the reinforcement in advance.

• Ability to use a non-removable formwork

Article on the topic: Design of kitchen Falche panels

This formwork is presented as a full material. Technology of installation works Same: Install blocks, mount reinforcement and pour a concrete solution there. In princespi, such a formwork can be represented in 3 species: as plates, blocks, or a Tsendar panel formwork, which is fixed with each other with specialized jumpers. The use of a shield formwork is the most accessible option from a financial point of view, but, working according to such a scheme is not as easy as I would like.

The most suitable output when independent construction work - The use of blocks that are so reminded by a long-familiar slag block.

Also, the foam and concrete structure has some negative moments, the most significant of which is considered the effect of the "thermos". You can only overcome it only by installing a high-quality system in the house. forced ventilationthat gives greater high costs performed by the work.

Another, no less unpleasant moment is the environmental friendliness of the structure, which, even with a dense clogging of plaster and speech can not be. It is also worth noting the possibility of fire ignition, after which, with combustion, toxic substances will be released, which can even kill a person.

As you can see, not everything is so rosy, as it may seem at first glance.

Build a house of foam

Polyfoam's house do it yourself

Basically, all buildings, it does not matter from what material, it is built according to a single technology:

• foundation is laid;
• walls are erected;
• the design is covered with a roof.

The only difference can only be seen when the walls are erected, what we will tell about more detailed further.

Well, the technology of execution of work is carried out in such a sequence:

• The base layer of formwork from foam places on a thoroughly prepared foundation, which is pre-insulated from moisture.
• Immediately, fittings are mounted on the blocks of foam, which is not mounted in every cavity. A better reinforcement will be required in the corners.
• The abolition of bandages and speech can not be, so it will have to act likewise, as if you are placing brick. Polyfoam will need to be laid with a small shift, and each second tier is put perpendicular to the previous one. Additional strength such a bundle will not differ, but the insulation features of the design will rise at times.
• In the upper part of the design, it is necessary to pour Armopoyas, the height of which should be at least 200mm. For these purposes, the panel non-removable formwork is most often used.

The modern house should be not only attractive and durable, but also economical, energy saving. Therefore, non-traditional construction methods from materials that have not previously been applied are becoming more and more popular. One of the relative innovations in construction is the so-called thermodomium, the walls of which are erected from foam blocks of foaming concrete.

The use of polystyrene foam

Today, in order to build a warm and high-quality home, not only such building materials such as brick, concrete or wood, but also polystyrene foam blocks are fill in with a conventional concrete solution. Polyfoam, or polystyrene foam, was not considered for a long time as a full-fledged building material, but recently, such structures began to be applied more and more.

How to build such a house? The technology itself is not very complex, although certain skills and time are required. Foam walls Early with the use of such materials:

1. Polyfoam blocks that have thick walls inside hollow. There are blocks only in an industrial method.
2. A solution of concrete, with which the blocks of blocks are flooded.
3. Wooden formwork for blocks.
4. Metal reinforcement bars acting as a reinforcement when pouring wall blocks.

The construction process itself is as follows:

1. First you need to install the foundation. In this case, it is possible to use a belt, but since the house is poured from concrete, it is better to immediately calculate all the loads.
2. After that, the laying of wall blocks begins, around which wooden formwork is installed. It is necessary to prevent foaming deformations when pouring.
3. Concrete is poured carefully, it is necessary to check that the blocks do not shift are not deformed during the work.

Features Thermodoma

Why is the house of polyfoam so stand out against the rest of the rest? The fact is that the blocks of foam, or polystyrene, act as a formwork-insulation, which reduces heat loss. But it is not enough to just order a house of foam, it is necessary to glorify it correctly. All windows of the house must be focused on the south, at the entrance it is recommended to arrange so-called buffer zones. For houses that are built from blocks filled with concrete, you can not save on the doors and windows.

Of the features of such buildings from the foam, it should be noted that the installation of a ventilation system and heating is necessary for them, that is, in the winter months, such a house must be warmed, although energy consumption will be minimal.

People who have stuck such a warm house, but challenged the rules of its installation (not so complicated), often complain of dampness and appeared on the walls of the fungus. But this is a consequence of the violation of technology, and not the disadvantages of the material. The walls made of foam and concrete steamproof, therefore, to support a comfortable atmosphere, the system of forced ventilation should be installed inside. Most. optimal option are supply-exhaust installations With recovery.

Finishing options

The construction of foam houses is distinguished by its peculiarities, but of advantages over others it is necessary to note that the walls in this case can be coated with almost any types of finishing materials.

Facade external walls are usually processed by a layer decorative plaster, distinguished small cost and attractive external speciesBut other options are also possible.

For example, you can use ventilated facade systems that are not only attractive and attached to the structure of a modern, stylish look, but also provide an optimal microclimate in the house.

The inner walls can be fermented with various materials. Today, most often they are trimmed by drywall, which provides many design options.

For roofing materials of foam houses there are no restrictions. Due to the fact that a concrete solution is poured into the blocks, the house is actually monolithic, capable of withstanding even heavy loads. That is, it is possible to fit the surface of the roof, even a natural ceramic tile, characterized by a lot of weight.

Not to spoil the inner finish of the house of foam, all engineering Communication You can run directly in the walls of the house, but it is necessary to do this at the construction stage. The only difficulty is the application of only those materials that are allowed for the internal installation.

Cons of construction

About the advantages and benefits of thermoemodes are said so much, but is the foam as a frame as a frame? And is it possible to avoid some drawbacks of such houses from concrete and foam? Consider the main difficulties and disadvantages that may arise during the construction, operation of such a structure.

1. Communication problems. Such a disadvantage is associated with the material itself - foam. To secure the shelves or cabinets on its surface, it is necessary to arrange special linings in the construction itself, which are fixed directly to the concrete. If this is not done, then when repairing or installing new furniture, you will have to cut a layer of foam to concrete, after which it is attached to it. wooden barswhich will be hollowed by cabinets. As you can see, this problem is solved, although there is a certain inconvenience here, since additional, not the simplest works are required.
2. Heat capacity. Despite the fact that houses from the foam are considered very warm, they still require winter time Good warm up.
3. One of the main minuses of use as a building material for concrete walls and foam is that the walls are steamproof. According to the reviews of the owners of such houses, the atmosphere in them is constantly a bit wet, which creates discomfort and not the most pleasant microclimate. This problem can be solved, so it does not apply to the category of critical, but it requires certain efforts and costs. Make a microclimate in the house is more comfortable by installing a forced ventilation system. And given the fact that such ventilation systems are today not only for foam houses, but also for many other buildings, such a deficiency often remains simply unnoticed.
4. Labor consumption. The construction of such a house requires certain efforts and skills. In this case, unpleasant to concrete blocks are not simply installed, it is necessary to put them correctly, in strict accordance with all the requirements for technology. But it is impossible to say that foam blocks are more complicated than to build a house, for example, from a brick. In many cases, such a house is even easier, although it will have to be swept when laying the first rows. Effort and skills require outdoor and interior decoration Walls from foam, since when attaching may occur complexity. Therefore, only special materials are necessary.

Many calculate the fact that the blocks are made of foam. Not everyone prefer this material as the main for the construction of the walls of the house, but the question is quite controversial. The damage of foam is not proven, it does not release toxic substances during operation, but also it is also impossible to call it.

It should be noted at such a moment: today the number of houses built from foam and concrete is not so large, that is, it is still early to talk about their advantages or explicit flaws before all. These are sustainable and very convenient, differ in attractive cost and the ability to take various forms, but for a more complete analysis of their operation, more than one year is required.

Requirements for construction

The foam house today is one of the options for a fairly fast and inexpensive housing. Such a design can take any, often very unexpected, but such attractive forms, which is very distinguished by the thermo-house from the traditional brick or wooden. But if you chose exactly such a material, that is, the blocks of foam poured with concrete must be remembered by some features.

Polyfoam is taken to be one of the most best Materials In terms of thermal insulation. At the same time, the relative cheapness causes more and more people to warm their premises in this way. However, there are also other options for using this material.

The foam moves well tolerate temperature differences and do not penetrate for steam.

One of the relatively new and original options Is the construction of a foam house. Some shake, thinking that it is usual dollhouse Or just a layout. But in fact, everything is much more serious.

The houses from the foam for the first time began to build in Japan. It was there that experts revealed the basic properties of such a material that makes it possible to use it not only as auxiliary, but also as the main material. So, we consider in more detail the basic properties of houses from foam sheets.

1. High thermal insulation. As a rule, a house built from foam will be quite warm even when it won't be heating. This contributes to the special structure of the material, which perfectly retains heat. And if you still warm the house from the inside a little, you can even forget about light cold.
2. Strength. Oddly enough, the foam possesses sufficient characteristics in order to ensure the strength of even such a complex design as the house. But this is only possible if the correct sheeting of sheets is correct.
3. Relative fire safety. If you choose to work with high quality sheets, then you will not need to fear for the fact that the house can easily burn. In addition, for additional protection today there is a large selection of special means that will create a protective layer on the surface.
4. High degree of resistance to fungus, mold and insects. Polyfoam is an artificial material. And this suggests that for insects, especially such as cores or termites, it is absolutely not interesting. The same applies to the fungus. Due to the fact that the foam almost misses moisture and pairs, to start the fungus or mold on its surface there are almost no chance.
5. Environmental Safety. Foam itself is safe for health. But at high temperatures, he can still highlight some harmful substanceslike any other modern construction material. But if you do everything correctly, they will be minimized.
6. Financial economy. The material is inexpensive compared to other, more serious, materials for the construction of buildings and structures. Therefore, even with a large expenditure, you will save a lot of money on the installation. In addition, construction does not require heavy lifting equipment, and this is an additional cost savings.

As a result, we can conclude that the construction of foam is very profitable. Of course, it is unlikely that you will be able to independently and quickly build a permanent large residential building from this material. But a small room in a couple of rooms do not make much difficulty and investments.

Back to the category

The desired tool and the preparation of the foundation

Now consider the process itself, how can you build such a house of foam with your own hands.

Figure 1. To create a foundation, it is necessary to pave bars clearly throughout the perimeter, the rest of the area is laid down the same thickness of the boards.

In the example, we will tell how to build a small building with a height of ceilings about 3 meters and with total area approximately 5-10. square meters. You will need materials and tools:

• styrofoam;
• solution;
• pencil and ruler;
• self-tapping screw and dowel;
• mounting foam or glue;
• level.

It all begins, as always, with the foundation. You can do the most ordinary ribbon foundation - as you prefer. After all, more here depends on the type of soil on the selected area. When the foundation is flooded, you need to add it. To do this, take the corresponding sizes of the support wooden bars with a cross section of about 6 to 5 cm. They must be laid clearly throughout the perimeter of the foundation. The rest of the area is placed as the same thickness of the boards (Figure 1). Before work, do not forget to treat wood with compositions that protect against fungus, fire and dampness.

Figure 2. The frame arch is made from special curly blocks.

The bar is attached to the anchor to the foundation. But you can slightly optimize the mount using the mounting foam as an auxiliary material. But do not take a foam of the type of extra, so that it is not strong. During operation, check all the construction level.

Next, you need to separate the side walls of the foundation, which protrude above the surface of the Earth. It is best to do this with a decorative thick stone. He is sick on the usual cement mortar, boils by a hammer for the reliability of fixation.

The final stage will be laying on the surface of the film for moisture insulation and ordinary brick or paving tile. Brick (tile) use optionally, but it is desirable, as this increases the reliability of the foundation, protecting it from the seats. When everything is dry and grabbed, you can start the main job.

The construction of structures from polystyrene foam of the 35th density or how I built a dome house with my own hands on Japanese technology ....

Let's build a round house.

And in a different heal.

And windows, roof - everything in it,

we will call differently ...

Everything is real, accessible and practical. The technologies of low-budget construction are reality. Therefore, checking the read in practice, keep tightly on earth, so as not to fall into the sky from surprise ...

(All the launched "Cubo-fundamentalists" and "invaders" of construction forums that have not implemented a single project in practice, "buyers and selling" who want to get ready-made design solutions and calculations, "clever" who love to ponder in the technologies segment , technical characteristics, standards, fields of application, security, ecology, etc., at the same time silent "the price of the issue" when compared, please: not strain. Regards, [Email Protected])

elements on the site

And just start in order. I will write about the construction of the dome and at home later (in mind not the readiness of the foundation under the house, now all communications are laid, etc.). I will start a photo-report with a description of the construction of a tent element (tent type) above the autonomous basement. 3m 3m width 4m along the length (according to the foundation), the height of the skate-3m, by floor-12m.kv., Wall-180mm thickness , material design - polystyrene foam of the 35th density.

It looks like elements of the house (dome and tent elements in disassembled form on the construction site):

The elements are volumetric, but completely dimensional and sufficiently lightweight. All elements have an abribunity with the designation of the sequence number, names, destination, number of rows, positions, etc., to deal with what is not problematic.

And so, on the prepared foundation (in my case, the foundation is the upper part of the base of the basement about construction, technology, the insulation of which I will not write, this does not apply to the topic) with a declined Zero Freak wooden bar. To the foundation, 50mmh60mm size, deposit under the level and garden on the mounting foam.

Bruus will be attached to the elements of the first (bottom row) of the tent, that is, the arch (walls), the timber will serve as a spike to the groove of the element. The assembly of this design can be somewhat: you can collect the whole range at once and mounted on the foundation, you can mount the entire wall and install Or two walls at once ... I decided to mount the arch from all the elements and use it as a template (exhibiting the level on the foundation) and customize everything for it- all subsequent elements of the series.

All elements are glued together mounting foam or mounting globes for foam and fasten with braces (foam can be written when expanding and disrupting the design), the brackets are made of steel wire. After 20 minutes, when all the elements glued down and dried, remove the brackets (you can immediately cut a foam or glue on all seams) and We start mounting on the foundation.

We plant the design (arc) on the bar pre-sampleing with glue or mounting foam and fix the self-pressing with a dowel with hats (for foam).

All elements are sampled by mounting glue or foam thoroughly, especially the middle and inner seam, an external one is not necessary (it will come to cut to fill in acrylic sealant or any waterproof mass on an acrylic basis for outdoor works - according to your desire and wallet).

When the tent is ready, collect window and door items (go in a set one) as well as the frontones (frontones can make themselves from bricks, foam block, wood, in my case-polystyrene foam) .Okna and door can mount at the request Or to the frontton, or the sphere.

When they were determined "where and how", cut out the openings and mount the door and window items.

Operactions I cut with an electric batch and a garden narrow saw.

After mounting the frontaths. When the design is ready, put everything in order: cutting off the extra foam or glue on the seams, clean all the irregularities (drops) at the joints of the elements using a grater of foam or abrasive mesh No. 40, No. 60 and prepare all the external seams and joints for sealing acrylic sealant (The main thing to get on good weather, if it rains, everything will be wondering in the scrap, and your time and your money, and by this, after 12-18 hours of laying sealant, I recommend walking along the seams of crescent CM-11).

After the design sealing, we install the doors, windows, mount the wiring and ventilation. (By the way, mount the doors on a wooden or metal carcass). Further, we prepare the design under the reinforcement with Cerezite CM-11 (this is in my case, then the finish will be an artificial stone) with the help of the facade mesh (sickle) with a density of 145 g / m for the outer and density of 125g / m for finishing inside. For finishing under painting, a grid to fall on putty (start-finish) for outdoor-internal works, many options.

The consumption is not big. (I have a ribbed design specifically for PPP coating polyurethane foam, but since the PPU has its drawbacks, then the whole ribbies were stamped. And so all the elements of the sphere are smooth on both sides.)

Finishing (reinforcement) is first inside, then outside.

Outdoor finish (decor) decided to make an artificial stone of the Tanvald series (the benefit remained polyurethane forms, the stone I myself, the technology is the simplest: flour (granite dust), cement, perflax (it has low weight, glue, fiber ...), liquid glass , plasticizer and iron oxide pigment (for example, yellow, brown) - all of course in proportions.

Solly the roof decided to separate the stone, installed the reference planks (40x60 timber)

Elements (exterior) basement ventilation:

Options for finishing frontones and roofs:

The roof and arches are decorated with artificial stone of the Dolomite series, Talvald's frontons. After laying the pebbles, the supporting wooden bars are dismantled (it is impossible to leave them, they can pull, as the tree has a different voltage with loads, both atmospheric and mechanical). Support can make the polystipol (wall), enough - 3 or 5 cm (pre-cut the groove and glue on the mounting glue), you can leave it as a roof (CANT) of the roof, if there is a need (as an option), you can Dozens of making the roofs (for removal of water, but I can form icicles in the winter), dissolving it under 45 gr ...

Coating options (composite materials) can be different. In this embodiment, "Aquastop" (waterproofing) was used without coating.

For protection, it is still defined: or applying the PPU with painting, or a flexible tile.

And even on an amateur (additional waterproofing). On an external reinforcement (after drying), I apply a layer of 1mm this glue and, after drying, we glue the pebbles.

For waterproofing the dome under painting there is another option, for example "Aquastop", but I will write about it when processing the sphere of the house ....

Here is such a cheerful cellar I plan to receive in conclusion.

TOTAL: Let's bring the first results.

Build construction, two people are involved, work-6 hours;

Sealing, one person is involved, work time-3 hours;

The reinforcement inside and outside, one person is involved at 6 o'clock.

Protective coating (roof):

And so, she stopped on a protective coating of flexible tile. From the stone I had to be due to the complexity of the installation on the dome (dome of the house, height to the "skate" -8 meters). A solution to cover the guest house (near the water-standing wooden log house), autonomous Basement and dome house with one composite material (roof texture).

Question price: $ 10 sq.meter.

(The cost of work does not indicate due to independent execution by 70%).

There is an embodiment of PPU (coating (spraying) by a polyurethane mixture).

In our region:

Layer 1cm-waterproofing, price: 7-9 dollars. meter;

3cm-mechanical protection and waterproofing layer, price: 11-12 dollars.

per square meter;

Layer 6cm-mechanical protection, waterproofing, thermal insulation, price: 15-18 dollars sq.meter.

We need materials:
1. 24 foam blocks meter size per meter and 5 cm thick.
2. 60 Wooden rails with a cross section 2 * 1 cm. At least 2.2 m long.
3. 5 cylinders with expanded polystyrene.
4. 4 roll adhesive tape
5. 60 bolts with a diameter of 6 mm. 3 cm and 60 length 7cm. 120 nuts to and 120 washers. 12 screws with rings.
6. 24 robust m. Polyethylene width 1.5 m.
7. 6 sand bags.
8. Sheet of thin plywood 1.5 * 1.5 m.
9. Durable pillar, a diameter of at least 7 cm. Handwood, or from an iron pipe, a length of at least 3 m.
10. Slices of window glass of any shape and size (preferably large)
11. Several meters of fine soft iron wire.
12. 12 Opports for the collection from the iron grid.
13. 12 rose mesh patterns.
14. Putty for foam.
15. Two door hinges, rings for a mounted lock and a lock for locking from the inside.

Instruments:
Drill with a 6.2 mm drill.
Saw on wood.
Japanese knife.
Iron.

The procedure for performing work.

1. In the selected place in the ground is clogged, or a pillar is buried, so that the height from the surface was at least 2.5 m.
2. A circle of four meters with a diameter of four meters is watched around the pillar.
3. 12 foam blocks are installed in a circle and fastened with adhesive tape throughout the external circle diameter in two places, from below (as low as possible) and from above.
Blocks should stand smoothly, so that the corners of the neighborings coincided in height.
4. From one of the rails is cut off, or pieces of 5 cm long are laid. And two on the top face of all twelve, installed blocks are stacked. On top, the second number of blocks is installed on top and they are also associated with adhesive tape with two rows, one of which should be at the very top.
5. In the intervals between blocks with outside From above, 12 2.2 meter rails are inserted vertically. Each of them should perform a little from above.
6. Horizontal and vertical gaps together with inserted rails filled with foam from the cylinder.
We must wait until the foam will freeze.
Lunch break.
7. When foam froze, we have a monolithic twelve-broth with a diameter of four meters. In one of the edges of this hexagon, the Japanese knife doorway is cut the size of 60 * 180 cm. Draw carefully and smoothly. You do not throw out the carved part, it will be needed.
8. We go inside and on the diameter of the central pillar at an altitude of 2.5m. Opposite the edges of the foam hexagon, screw 12 screws with rings.
9. We take the following 12 rails and, drilled in them from one end by a hole, connect these rails with screws with screws and buckets with washers. (Free ends of the rails must lie on the upper graffs of the sixukolnik). Thus, we form rafters under the future roof.
10. We connect the free ends of the rails, departing from the central pillar with the tops of the rivers, which were previously vertically inserted into the gaps between the blocks.
To do this, we apply every rail from the post, to the top of the rack set vertically and, drilled in this place of the intersection of both rails, we connect them with a screw. Speakers interconnected vertical and horizontal rails, cut off the saw.
11. Now our design has acquired minimal rigidity and you can install the roof. The roof is made in advance of polyethylene. To do this, it is cut into six identical pieces of four meters long and then soldered among themselves the edge of the hot iron through a newspaper sheet of three pieces so that two cloth 4 are 4 by 3.5 m.
12. We place the center of one panel, we put it on top to the central post so that the center coincides with the top of the pillar, we attach it to the plumpecus with the adhesive tape and we put it with the roof along the edges, to hang the edges hanging from the side walls. Then we attach the edges to the walls of the adhesive tape throughout the diameter.
Everything, now in our house there is a translucent roof.
13. We frame the doorway with the rails from both sides. To do this, we put the rails from the side of the opening, inside and outside, and we drill the internal and outer rail and, which is between them, foam. In the hole, wake the bolts and fix the framing the door. So you need to do through the entire perimeter of the door.
Confasing door loops to the door frame. If the holes in the loops are insufficient, we are expanding them with a drill and screw the screws.
14. We make the door. To do this, cut the sheet of plywood into two identical half and fasten both half in length with two slats. Then cut off the excess Phaneur so that the door turns out the size of 65 * 185 cm. And attach it to the door hinges so that it is completely imposed on the doorway from the outside.
After that, to the inside of the door, we attach foam screws left after cutting the doorway. It is necessary to do this with a closed door so that the foam be exactly in place in the doorway. Further, it is necessary to cut off the strips from it to a Japanese knife so that it does not feel too tightly to the doorway and allowed the doors to open freely, without clinging.
15. Strengthen the house outside. For this, opposite each face, almost close to it, score the fence racks and on the outside they attach a fence to it through wire. In this case, the face with the door remains free.
16. We put the remaining plastic cloth inside the house on the ground, for which it will have to be cut from one of the edges to the middle, so that it can be acrret to decompose it around the pillar and sprinkle it to the edges so that the edges along the walls and along the cut made are sticking up. This will protect the house from moisture from the bottom.
Everything. House ready. Sut off the Japanese knife all unnecessary and not necessary. If you wish, you can make windows in the house, strengthening the glass on the walls through the wire, it has grown straight walls in the corners of the glass. The hole is cut to the hole slightly less than the size of the glass.
17. At the end, all the walls of the house outside and from the inside are cooked with a putty, into which you can add a dye. It is necessary to hide all the connections and give the house finished view.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe house will be about 14 m / 2
You can plant a spindle house and soon it will completely be covered with leaves and flowers.

If in a central post make an insert, wooden, or iron, then it will serve as a base on which solar panels, wind turbine, satellite antenna and other applicants can be consolidated.

In the photo another house, but also made of foam blocks.

Design Your Own Foam House

Source: https://thebridgestudio.ru/en/kak-sdelat-dom-iz-penoplasta-svoimi-rukami-dom-iz-penoplasta-svoimi-rukami.html

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